Which of the following methods can control weeds without herbicides?

The method of controlling weeds without herbicides, as stated in the correct answer, involves hand weeding and cultivation. Hand weeding is a manual method where weeds are pulled out by their roots, effectively removing them from the garden or agricultural field. This is beneficial because it directly targets the weed without affecting the surrounding plants or soil health.

Cultivation refers to the mechanical turning of the soil, which can disrupt the growth of weeds by uprooting them or burying their seeds. This method also aerates the soil and can help in loosening compacted soil, thus promoting healthier plant growth.

Together, hand weeding and cultivation are effective cultural practices that help maintain weed control by physically removing or damaging weeds rather than relying on chemical herbicides. These practices are particularly important in organic farming and gardening settings, where pesticide use is limited or prohibited.