What control method should be used second if pests exceed the action threshold?

The answer focuses on the use of biological controls as the second method of intervention once pests surpass the established action threshold. Biological control methods involve the introduction or enhancement of natural enemies or predators of the pest species. These methods are sustainable and can provide long-term pest management solutions.

Implementing biological controls is typically practiced after other preventive measures have been exhausted or when pest populations reach levels that could harm the crops or plants significantly. By using biological control, growers can reduce pest populations in an environmentally friendly manner, promoting ecological balance and reducing reliance on synthetic pesticides. This strategy aligns with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) principles, which favor solutions that are safe for the environment and human health.

While cultural/mechanical methods, chemical treatments, and physical barriers may also be effective in pest management, biological controls serve as an ideal second-tier strategy since they utilize natural processes and organisms to combat pest issues without the potential drawbacks associated with chemical applications.