Can crop residues affect pest management?

Crop residues play a significant role in pest management, and the correct answer highlights two key aspects: the potential for residues to harbor pests and diseases, as well as their ability to provide habitats for beneficial organisms.

When crop residues remain in the field after harvest, they can serve as a refuge for various pests and pathogens. This accumulation can lead to increased populations of certain harmful insects or diseases that can affect future crops. For instance, residues may contain eggs or larvae that can survive until the next growing season, leading to pest outbreaks.

Conversely, crop residues also create an environment conducive to beneficial organisms, such as predators and parasitoids that naturally control pest populations. These beneficial insects can thrive in the residual material, enhancing the ecological balance in the ecosystem and contributing to integrated pest management strategies.

The other options don't fully capture the complexity of how crop residues influence pest management. While decomposition plays a role in the overall dynamics of pest and beneficial organism interactions, crop residues can impact pest management regardless of their state. Additionally, stating that crop residues are always detrimental overlooks the nuanced interactions that can promote biodiversity and pest control.